Pallets B Raw Material
نویسنده
چکیده
We concentrate on a family of discrete event systems obtained from a simple modular design principle that include in a controlled way primitives to deal with concurrency, decisions, synchronization, blocking , and bulk movements of jobs. Due to the functional complexity of such systems, reliable throughput approximation algorithms must be deeply supported on a structure based decomposition technique. We present a decomposition technique and a xed-point search iterative process based on response time preservation of subsystems. An extensive battery of numerical experiments has shown that the error is less than 3%, and that the state space is usually reduced by more than one order of magnitude.
منابع مشابه
The Relative Performance of New and Used Gma Wood Pallets
Test Methods A total of 1867 new, multiple-use and used (remanufactured and repaired) GMA pallets were randomly sampled from 20 different locations throughout the United States. The pallets were carefully inspected and then tested for strength and stiffness when in racks spanning the stringers (RAS) and spanning the deckboards (RAD). The test spans were 44and 36-inch respectively and a uniform-...
متن کاملThe Effect of Stringer Repair Methods and Repair Frequency on the Performance of Gma-style 48x40-inch Wood Pallets
Over 135 million wood pallets were repaired for reuse in 1995. One of the most commonly damaged components in a wood pallet is the notched stringer. Metal plates, half companion stringers, and full companion stringers are repair methods described in the U.S. industry standard published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This study evaluated the effect of these three stringer repai...
متن کاملThe Relative Performance of New and Used Gma Wood Pallets
Test Methods A total of 1867 new, multiple-use and used (remanufactured and repaired) GMA pallets were randomly sampled from 20 different locations throughout the United States. The pallets were carefully inspected and then tested for strength and stiffness when in racks spanning the stringers (RAS) and spanning the deckboards (RAD). The test spans were 44and 36-inch respectively and a uniform-...
متن کاملMeasurement of Wood Stiffness in Standing Trees and Logs: Implications for End-Product Quality
At present, mills producing structural timber generally undertake strength grading at the end of the production process, i.e., after buying the material and sawing it into timber which is then dried. This means that any variation in wood stiffness between forest stands and between trees is unknown and unaccounted for until the end of the manufacturing process. Portable stress-wavebased tools pr...
متن کاملWood Pallets and Landfills – Status and Opportunities for Economic Recovery and Recycling
Wood pallet recovery, repair, and recycling are sound environmental activities that can reduce both forest resource demands and waste in landfills. Our studies found that 6.16 million tons of wood pallets (or 223.6 million pallets) entered municipal solid waste (MSW) and construction and demolition (C&D) landfill facilities in 1995. At the same time, wood pallet recovery, repair, and recycling ...
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